Izinhlelo ze-X-ray ze-cathode ebandayo zinamandla okuguqula ubuchwepheshe be-X-ray tube, ngaleyo ndlela ziphazamise imakethe yezithombe zezokwelapha. Ama-X-ray tube ayingxenye ebalulekile yemishini yezithombe zezokwelapha, esetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza ama-x-ray adingekayo ukudala izithombe zokuxilonga. Ubuchwepheshe bamanje buthembele kuma-cathode ashisayo, kodwa izinhlelo ze-cold-cathode zimelela ushintsho olukhulu kulo mkhakha.
YendabukoAmashubhu e-X-ray isebenza ngokushisa i-filament ibe yizinga lokushisa eliphezulu, bese ikhipha ama-electron. Lawa ma-electron asheshiswa aye endaweni ethile, ngokuvamile enziwe nge-tungsten, akhiqize ama-X-ray lapho eshayisana. Kodwa-ke, le nqubo inezinkinga eziningana. Amazinga okushisa aphezulu adingekayo ukuze kukhishwe ama-electron anciphisa isikhathi sokuphila kwamapayipi, njengoba ukushisa nokupholisa okuqhubekayo kubangela ukucindezeleka nokonakala kokushisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inqubo yokushisa yenza kube nzima ukuvula nokuvala ipayipi le-X-ray ngokushesha, okwandisa isikhathi esidingekayo senqubo yokuthwebula izithombe.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, izinhlelo ze-X-ray ze-cathode ezibandayo zisebenzisa umthombo we-electron yokukhipha insimu futhi azidingi ukushisa. Esikhundleni salokho, lezi zinhlelo zikhiqiza ama-electron ngokusebenzisa insimu kagesi eqophelweni le-cathode elibukhali, okuholela ekukhishweni kwama-electron ngenxa ye-quantum tunneling. Njengoba i-cathode ingashisi, isikhathi sokuphila se-X-ray tube sandiswa kakhulu, okunikeza ukonga okungenzeka kwezindleko zezikhungo zezokwelapha.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlelo ze-X-ray ze-cathode ebandayo zinikeza ezinye izinzuzo. Zingavulwa futhi zivalwe ngokushesha, okuvumela inqubo yokuthwebula ephumelela kakhudlwana. Amashubhu e-X-ray avamile adinga isikhathi sokufudumeza ngemva kokuvula, okungadla isikhathi ezimweni eziphuthumayo. Ngohlelo lwe-cathode ebandayo, ukuthwebula izithombe kungenzeka ngokushesha, okungasindisa isikhathi esibalulekile ezimweni ezibucayi zezokwelapha.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba kungekho filament efudumele, akukho uhlelo lokupholisa oludingekayo, okunciphisa ubunzima nobukhulu bemishini ye-X-ray. Lokhu kungaholela ekuthuthukisweni kwamadivayisi ezithombe aphathekayo futhi aqinile, okwenza izithombe zezokwelapha zibe lula futhi zibe lula ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi izindawo ezikude noma izikhungo zezokwelapha ezihambayo.
Naphezu kwamandla amakhulu ezinhlelo ze-X-ray ze-cathode ebandayo, kusenezinselele ezithile okudingeka zixazululwe. Amathiphu e-cathode ekhishwa ensimini ayaphuka, onakala kalula, futhi adinga ukuphathwa nokugcinwa ngokucophelela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inqubo ye-quantum tunneling ingakhiqiza ama-electron anamandla aphansi, okungabangela umsindo wesithombe futhi kunciphise ikhwalithi iyonke yezithombe ze-X-ray. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo oluqhubekayo kanye nentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe kuhlose ukunqoba le mikhawulo futhi kuhlinzeke ngezixazululo zokusetshenziswa kabanzi kwezinhlelo ze-X-ray ze-cold-cathode.
Imakethe yezithombe zezokwelapha inokuncintisana okukhulu futhi ishintsha njalo, ngentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe eqhuba ukuthuthuka ekuxilongweni nasekulashweni. Izinhlelo ze-X-ray ze-cathode ezibandayo zinamandla okuphazamisa le makethe ngezinzuzo ezibalulekile kunobuchwepheshe be-X-ray bendabuko. Isikhathi eside sokuphila, ukushintsha okusheshayo kanye nosayizi oncishisiwe kungaguqula izithombe zezokwelapha, kuthuthukise ukunakekelwa kweziguli futhi kwandise ukusebenza kahle kwendawo yokunakekelwa kwempilo.
Ekuphetheni, izinhlelo ze-X-ray ze-cathode ezibandayo zimelela ubuhlakani obuthembisayo obungaphazamisa imakethe yezithombe zezokwelapha. Ngokushintsha ubuchwepheshe be-filament obushisayo bendabukoAmashubhu e-X-ray, lezi zinhlelo zinikeza impilo ende, amakhono okushintsha ngokushesha, kanye namathuba amadivayisi aphathekayo kakhulu. Nakuba kusenezinselele okufanele zixazululwe, ucwaningo oluqhubekayo luhlose ukunqoba le mikhawulo nokwenza izinhlelo ze-X-ray ze-cathode ezibandayo zibe yindinganiso ekuthathweni kwezithombe zezokwelapha, ukuthuthukisa ukunakekelwa kweziguli kanye nokuguqula imboni.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-25-2023