Ubuchwepheshe be-X-ray sebube ithuluzi elibalulekile embonini yezokuphepha. Imishini ye-X-ray yezokuphepha inikeza indlela engaphazamisi ukuthola izinto ezifihliwe noma izinto eziyingozi emithwalweni, emaphaketheni nasezitsheni. Enhliziyweni yomshini we-x-ray yezokuphepha kukhona ithubhu ye-x-ray, ekhiqiza ama-x-ray anamandla aphezulu asetshenziswa ekuskeni.
Amashubhu e-X-rayzisetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo ku-radiography, izithombe zezokwelapha, isayensi yezinto ezibonakalayo, kanye nokuhlaziywa kwezimboni. Kodwa-ke, embonini yezokuphepha, amashubhu e-X-ray adlala indima ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuphepha komphakathi, ukuvimbela ubuphekula kanye nokuthuthukisa ukuphepha.
An Ishubhu le-X-rayiyithuluzi likagesi eliguqula amandla kagesi abe yi-X-ray enamandla aphezulu ukuze kuthathwe izithombe. Ithubhu liqukethe i-cathode kanye ne-anode evalwe ekamelweni le-vacuum. Lapho ugesi udlula ku-cathode, ukhipha umfudlana wama-electron, asheshiswa aye ku-anode. Ama-electron angqubuzana ne-anode, akhiqize ama-X-ray aqondiswe entweni ehlaziyiwe.
Imishini ye-X-ray yokuphepha isebenzisa izinhlobo ezimbili zamashubhu e-X-ray: amashubhu e-ceramic ensimbi (MC) kanyeamashubhu e-anode ejikelezayo (RA). I-MC tube isetshenziswa kakhulu ngoba ishibhile, ihlala isikhathi eside futhi ithembekile. Ikhiqiza umsebe we-X-ray ozinzile, ophansi ofanele ukuthwebula izinto zezinto eziphansi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amashubhu e-RA anamandla kakhulu kune-MC tubes futhi akhiqiza umsebe we-X-ray ophakeme. Ifanelekela ukuskena izinto ngezinto eziphansi njengensimbi.
Ukusebenza kweshubhu le-X-ray emshinini we-X-ray wokuphepha kuthinteka yizici eziningana, okuhlanganisa i-voltage yeshubhu, i-tube current, kanye nesikhathi sokuchayeka. I-voltage yeshubhu inquma amandla e-X-ray ekhiqizwayo, kuyilapho i-tube current ilawula inani le-X-ray ekhiqizwayo ngeyunithi yesikhathi. Isikhathi sokuchayeka sinquma ubude be-X-ray eqondiswe entweni ehlaziywayo.
Eminye imishini ye-X-ray yokuphepha isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokuthwebula izithombe ze-X-ray zamandla amabili, obusebenzisa amashubhu amabili e-X-ray anamazinga ahlukene wamandla. Ishubhu elilodwa likhiqiza ama-X-ray anamandla aphansi, kanti elinye likhiqiza ama-X-ray anamandla aphezulu. Isithombe esiphumelayo sibonisa imibala ehlukene ekhombisa ubuningi kanye nenombolo ye-athomu yento ngayinye esithombeni esiskeniwe. Ubuchwepheshe buvumela opharetha ukuthi bahlukanise phakathi kwezinto eziphilayo nezingaphili, okuthuthukisa ukutholakala kwezinto ezifihliwe.
Ngamafuphi, amashubhu e-X-ray ayinsika yomshini we-X-ray wokuphepha, asiza ekuboneni izinto ezifihliwe, iziqhumane, nezinto eziyingozi. Anikeza indlela esheshayo, ephumelelayo nengaphazamisi yokuskena imithwalo, amaphakheji kanye nezitsha. Ngaphandle kwamashubhu e-X-ray, ukuhlolwa kokuphepha kungaba inqubo enzima nethatha isikhathi, okwenza ukugcina ukuphepha komphakathi nokuvimbela ubuphekula kube yinselele. Ngakho-ke, ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe beshubhu le-X-ray kusalokhu kubalulekile ekusaseni lemishini ye-X-ray yokuphepha.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-15-2023