Emikhakheni yokuthwebula izithombe zezokwelapha kanye nokuxilonga, ubuchwepheshe be-X-ray budlale indima ebalulekile amashumi eminyaka. Phakathi kwezingxenye ezahlukahlukene ezakha umshini we-X-ray, ithubhu le-X-ray le-anode eqondile selibe yingxenye ebalulekile yemishini. Lawa mathubhu awagcini nje ngokuhlinzeka ngemisebe edingekayo ukuze kuthathwe izithombe, kodwa futhi anquma ikhwalithi kanye nokusebenza kahle kohlelo lonke lwe-X-ray. Kule bhulogi, sizohlola izitayela zamathubhu e-X-ray e-anode eqondile kanye nendlela intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe eguqula ngayo le ngxenye ebalulekile.
Kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube yilapho umuntu ezalwa kabusha namuhla:
Amashubhu e-X-ray e-anode amilebanomlando omude osukela ekutholakaleni kokuqala kwe-X-ray nguWilhelm Conrad Roentgen ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20. Ekuqaleni, amashubhu ayenegumbi elilula lengilazi eligcina i-cathode ne-anode. Ngenxa yezinga layo eliphezulu lokuncibilika, i-anode ivame ukwenziwa nge-tungsten, engavezwa ekugelezeni kwama-electron isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokulimala.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, njengoba isidingo sokuthwebula izithombe ezinembile nezinembile sasikhula, kuye kwaba nentuthuko enkulu ekwakhiweni nasekwakhiweni kwamashubhu e-X-ray e-anode engaguquki. Ukwethulwa kwamashubhu e-anode ajikelezayo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezinto eziqinile kwavumela ukwanda kokushabalaliswa kokushisa kanye nokukhishwa kwamandla aphezulu. Kodwa-ke, izindleko kanye nobunzima bamashubhu e-anode ajikelezayo kuye kwanciphisa ukwamukelwa kwawo kabanzi, okwenza amashubhu e-anode angaguquki abe yisinqumo esiyinhloko sokuthwebula izithombe zezokwelapha.
Izitayela zakamuva zamashubhu e-X-ray e-anode engaguquki:
Muva nje, intuthuko ebalulekile kwezobuchwepheshe iholele ekuvuvukeni kokuthandwa kwamashubhu e-X-ray ane-anode engaguquki. Lokhu kuthuthuka kwenza kube namandla okuthwebula izithombe athuthukisiwe, amandla aphezulu okukhipha, kanye nokumelana nokushisa okukhulu, okwenza athembeke futhi asebenze kahle kunanini ngaphambili.
Umkhuba ophawulekayo ukusetshenziswa kwezinsimbi eziphikisayo njenge-molybdenum kanye ne-tungsten-rhenium alloys njengezinto ze-anode. Lezi zinsimbi zinokumelana nokushisa okuhle kakhulu, okuvumela amashubhu ukuthi amelane namazinga aphezulu amandla kanye nezikhathi zokuchayeka isikhathi eside. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kube negalelo elikhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwekhwalithi yesithombe kanye nokunciphisa isikhathi sokuthwebula izithombe enkambisweni yokuxilonga.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuye kwaqaliswa indlela entsha yokupholisa ukuze kucatshangelwe ukushisa okukhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokukhishwa kwe-X-ray. Ngokungezwa kwezibambi zensimbi ewuketshezi noma ze-anode eziklanywe ngokukhethekile, amandla okusabalalisa ukushisa kwamashubhu e-anode aqinile akhuliswa kakhulu, okunciphisa ingozi yokushisa ngokweqile futhi kwandise impilo yonke yamashubhu.
Esinye isici esijabulisayo ukuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe besimanje bokuthwebula izithombe njengezitholi zedijithali kanye nama-algorithms okucubungula izithombe ngamashubhu e-X-ray anode aqinile. Lokhu kuhlanganiswa kuvumela ukusetshenziswa kwamasu okuthola izithombe athuthukile njenge-digital tomosynthesis kanye ne-cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), okuholela ekwakhiweni kabusha kwe-3D okunembe kakhudlwana kanye nokuxilongwa okuthuthukisiwe.
Ekuphetheni:
Ekuphetheni, ukuthambekela kokuyaamashubhu e-X-ray e-anode engashintshi ishintsha njalo ukuze ihlangabezane nezidingo zezithombe zezokwelapha zesimanje. Intuthuko ezintweni zokwakha, izindlela zokupholisa, kanye nokuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe bezithombe obusezingeni eliphezulu kushintshe lesi sici esibalulekile sezinhlelo ze-X-ray. Ngenxa yalokho, ochwepheshe bezempilo manje sebenganikeza iziguli ikhwalithi yesithombe engcono, ukuvezwa okuncane kwemisebe kanye nolwazi lokuxilonga olunembile. Kusobala ukuthi amashubhu e-X-ray anode aqinile azoqhubeka nokudlala indima ebalulekile ekuthathweni kwezithombe zezokwelapha, ukushayela phambili ukusungula izinto ezintsha kanye nokufaka isandla ekuthuthukisweni kokunakekelwa kweziguli.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Juni-15-2023