Iyini ithubhu ye-x-ray?

Amashubhu e-X-ray angama-diode e-vacuum asebenza ngama-voltage aphezulu.
Ishubhu le-X-ray linama-electrode amabili, i-anode kanye ne-cathode, asetshenziselwa ukuthi inhloso iqhutshwe ngama-electron kanye ne-filament ukuze kukhishwe ama-electron, ngokulandelana. Zombili izinti zivalwe ngengilazi ephezulu ye-vacuum noma ezindlini ze-ceramic.

Ingxenye yokunikezwa kwamandla ye-X-ray tube iqukethe okungenani amandla aphansi okushisa i-filament kanye nejeneretha ephezulu yokusebenzisa i-voltage ephezulu ezigxotsheni ezimbili. Lapho ucingo lwe-tungsten ludlula ugesi owanele ukudala ifu le-electron, futhi kusetshenziswa i-voltage eyanele (ngokulandelana kwama-kilovolts) phakathi kwe-anode ne-cathode, ifu le-electron lidonswa liye ku-anode. Ngalesi sikhathi, ama-electron ashaya ithagethi ye-tungsten ngesimo samandla aphezulu nesivinini esikhulu. Ama-electron ashesha kakhulu afinyelela endaweni ethagethi, futhi ukunyakaza kwawo kuyavalwa ngokuzumayo. Ingxenye encane yamandla awo e-kinetic iguqulwa ibe amandla okukhanya futhi ikhishwe ngesimo se-X-ray. Imisebe ekhiqizwa ngale ndlela ibizwa ngokuthi i-bremsstrahlung.

Ukushintsha ugesi we-filament kungashintsha izinga lokushisa le-filament kanye nenani lama-electron akhishwayo, ngaleyo ndlela kushintshe ugesi we-tube kanye namandla e-X-ray. Ukushintsha amandla okuvuselela e-X-ray tube noma ukukhetha i-target ehlukile kungashintsha amandla e-X-ray eyenzeka noma amandla ngamandla ahlukene. Ngenxa yokuqhuma kwama-electron anamandla aphezulu, i-X-ray tube isebenza ngokushisa okuphezulu, okudinga ukupholisa okuphoqelekile kwe-anode target.

Nakuba ukusebenza kahle kwamandla kwamashubhu e-X-ray ukukhiqiza ama-X-ray kuphansi kakhulu, okwamanje, amashubhu e-X-ray aseyimishini ekhiqiza ama-X-ray ewusizo kakhulu futhi asetshenziswe kabanzi emishinini ye-X-ray. Njengamanje, izinhlelo zezokwelapha zihlukaniswe kakhulu ngamashubhu e-X-ray okuxilonga kanye namashubhu e-X-ray okwelapha.