Yini i-x-ray tube?

Amashubhu e-X-ray angama-vacuum diode asebenza ngama-voltage aphezulu.
Ishubhu le-X ray liqukethe ama-electrode amabili, i-anode kanye ne-cathode, asetshenziselwa okuqondiwe ukuthi kuqhunyiswe ama-electron kanye nentambo ukuze ikhiphe ama-electron, ngokulandelana. Zombili izigxobo zivalwe engilazini ye-vacuum ephezulu noma ezindlini ze-ceramic.

Ingxenye yokunikezwa kwamandla kagesi weshubhu ye-X-ray iqukethe okungenani amandla kagesi aphansi wokushisa umcu kanye nejeneretha yamandla kagesi aphezulu ukuze kufakwe i-voltage ephezulu ezigxotsheni ezimbili. Lapho intambo ye-tungsten idlula isikhathi esanele sokudala ifu le-electron, futhi i-voltage eyanele (ngokwe-oda lama-kilovolts) isetshenziswa phakathi kwe-anode ne-cathode, ifu le-electron lidonselwa ku-anode. Ngalesi sikhathi, ama-electron ashaya ithagethi ye-tungsten esimweni samandla aphezulu kanye nesivinini esikhulu. Ama-electron anesivinini esikhulu afinyelela endaweni okuhloswe kuyo, futhi ukunyakaza kwawo kuvinjwe kungazelelwe. Ingxenye encane yamandla azo e-kinetic iguqulwa ibe amandla emisebe futhi ikhishwe ngendlela yama-X ray. Imisebe ekhiqizwa kuleli fomu ibizwa ngokuthi i-bremsstrahlung.

Ukushintsha i-filament current kungashintsha izinga lokushisa le-filament kanye nenani lama-electron akhishwayo, ngaleyo ndlela kushintshe i-tube current kanye nobukhulu be-X-ray. Ukushintsha amandla okuvusa amadlingozi weshubhu le-X-ray noma ukukhetha okuqondiwe okuhlukile kungashintsha amandla e-X-reyi yesigameko noma ukushuba kumandla ahlukene. Ngenxa yokuqhuma kwama-electron anamandla amakhulu, ithubhu ye-X-ray isebenza ekushiseni okuphezulu, okudinga ukupholisa okuphoqelekile kwethagethi ye-anode.

Nakuba amandla okusebenza kahle kwamashubhu e-X-ray ukuze akhiqize ama-X-reyi ephansi kakhulu, okwamanje, amashubhu e-X-ray asengamathuluzi asebenza kakhulu okukhiqiza ama-X-ray futhi asetshenziswa kabanzi emathuluzini e-X ray. Njengamanje, izicelo zezokwelapha zihlukaniswe ikakhulukazi ngamashubhu e-X-ray okuxilongwa kanye namashubhu e-X-ray okwelapha.